win7系统初始化-()

一、 系统初始化

1、关闭firewalld

systemctl stop firewalld.service && systemctl disable firewalld #或者 这样也行systemctl disable/enable --now firewalld

2、关闭selinux

sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config #永久

#临时

setenforce 0

3、关闭swap分区

备份fstab

cp /etc/fstab /etc/__fstab.bak

#临时 重启失效

swapoff -a

#永久

sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab

4.修改主机名配置静态ip及安装常用软件

[root@demo.localdomain ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-m1[root@demo.localdomain ~]# bash[root@k8s-m1 ~]#

同理修改工作节点主机名

修改ip地址

[root@k8s-m1 ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33TYPE="Ethernet"PROXY_METHOD="none"BROWSER_ONLY="no"BOOTPROTO="none"DEFROUTE="yes"IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"IPV6INIT="yes"IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes"IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes"IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no"IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE="stable-privacy"NAME="ens33"DEVICE="ens33"ONBOOT="yes"IPADDR=192.168.128.120NETMASK=255.255.255.0GATEWAY=192.168.128.2DNS=223.5.5.5#DNS2=192.168.128.2

添加阿里云yum源

curl -s -o /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repocurl -s -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repoyum clean all && yum makecache

如果刷新yum缓存过程中 报错 # Could not resolve host: mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com; Unknown error"

"http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/"，发现并无 7Server/目录。因此，应该是$releasever变量解析成了"7Server"，进而导致了错误的发生。

vim CentOS-Base.repo :%s/$releasever/7/g # 替换变量

安装常用软件

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ net-tools nmap-ncat sysstat git ipset ipvsadm bash-completion wget unzip \lrzsz lsof vim tree telnet unzip nc nmap tree htop iftop net-tools# 此方法也行#yum install -y epel-release#sed -e 's!^metalink=!#metalink=!g' \# -e 's!^#baseurl=!baseurl=!g' \# -e 's!//download\.fedoraproject\.org/pub!//mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn!g' \# -e 's!http://mirrors!https://mirrors!g' \# -i /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/epel-testing.repo

5、添加hosts解析及配置ssh免密登录

cat >>/etc/hosts<<EOF192.168.128.20 k8s-m1192.168.128.21 k8s-n1192.168.128.22 k8s-n2EOF

或者

tee /etc/hosts <<-EOF127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6192.168.128.120 k8s-m1192.168.128.121 k8s-n1192.168.128.122 k8s-n2EOF

# 添加ssh 免密登录ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 2048 -P '' -f ~/.ssh/id_rsassh-copy-id k8s-m1ssh-copy-id k8s-n2ssh-copy-id k8s-n3

6、将桥接的IPv4流量传递到iptables链

cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOFnet.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1EOF#加载生效sysctl --system

7、时间同步

# 设置时区 timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai

yum install -y ntpdate crontab -e# sync time* */1 * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate cn.pool.ntp.org# 时间同步 此方法也行yum makecache fastyum -y install chronysystemctl enable --now chronyd

8、挂载数据盘

mkdir /datafdisk /dev/sdbmkfs.xfs /dev/sdb1echo "UUID=$(blkid /dev/sdb1 |awk -F '[="]+' '{print $2}') /data xfs default 0 0" >>/etc/fstabmount -a

9、升级内核

安装 elrepo 源 # elrepo源官网http://elrepo.org/tiki/tiki-index.php

导入key

rpm --import https://www.elrepo.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-elrepo.org

安装repo文件

rpm -Uvh https://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-7.0-3.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm

查看可用版本

yum makecache fast[root@k8s-m1 /etc/yum.repos.d]# yum --disablerepo="*" --enablerepo="elrepo-kernel" search all kernel-lt --show-duplicatesLoaded plugins: fastestmirrorLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile* elrepo-kernel: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cnelrepo-kernel | 3.0 kB 00:00:00elrepo-kernel/primary_db | 2.1 MB 00:00:08===================================================================== Matched: kernel-lt ======================================================================kernel-lt-5.4.206-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 : The Linux kernel. (The core of any Linux-based operating system.)kernel-lt-5.4.207-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 : The Linux kernel. (The core of any Linux-based operating system.)kernel-lt-devel-5.4.206-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 : Development package for building kernel modules to match the kernel.kernel-lt-devel-5.4.207-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 : Development package for building kernel modules to match the kernel.kernel-lt-doc-5.4.206-1.el7.elrepo.noarch : Various bits of documentation found in the kernel sources.kernel-lt-doc-5.4.207-1.el7.elrepo.noarch : Various bits of documentation found in the kernel sources.kernel-lt-headers-5.4.206-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 : Header files of the kernel, for use by glibc.kernel-lt-headers-5.4.207-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 : Header files of the kernel, for use by glibc.kernel-lt-tools-5.4.206-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 : Assortment of tools for the kernel.kernel-lt-tools-5.4.207-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 : Assortment of tools for the kernel.kernel-lt-tools-libs-5.4.206-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 : Libraries for the kernel tools.kernel-lt-tools-libs-5.4.207-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 : Libraries for the kernel tools.kernel-lt-tools-libs-devel-5.4.206-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 : Development package for the kernel tools libraries.kernel-lt-tools-libs-devel-5.4.207-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 : Development package for the kernel tools libraries.[root@k8s-m1 /etc/yum.repos.d]#

安装

[root@k8s-m1 /etc/yum.repos.d]# yum --enablerepo="elrepo-kernel" -y install kernel-lt-5.4.207-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64Loaded plugins: fastestmirrorLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile。。。

更改内核启动顺序

grep "menuentry " /boot/grub2/grub.cfg

[root@k8s-m1 /etc/yum.repos.d]# grep "menuentry " /boot/grub2/grub.cfgmenuentry 'CentOS Linux (5.4.207-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Core)' --class centos --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --unrestricted $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.10.0-1127.el7.x86_64-advanced-2b95b4bc-4e81-4999-adf1-1639baf3cd9b' {menuentry 'CentOS Linux (3.10.0-1127.el7.x86_64) 7 (Core)' --class centos --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --unrestricted $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.10.0-1127.el7.x86_64-advanced-2b95b4bc-4e81-4999-adf1-1639baf3cd9b' {menuentry 'CentOS Linux (0-rescue-78bbcbc9e6d2407d91fa0b452f9949e7) 7 (Core)' --class centos --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --unrestricted $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-0-rescue-78bbcbc9e6d2407d91fa0b452f9949e7-advanced-2b95b4bc-4e81-4999-adf1-1639baf3cd9b' {

设置5.4位默认启动内核，然后重启系统

grub2-set-default 'CentOS Linux (5.4.173-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Core)'

[root@k8s-m1 /etc/yum.repos.d]# grub2-set-default 'CentOS Linux (5.4.207-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Core)'[root@k8s-m1 /etc/yum.repos.d]#

然后重启系电脑统 验证内核

reboot

[root@k8s-m1 ~]# uname -r

5.4.207-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64

10、开启IPvs模块，官方推荐使用ipvs，它的包转发率高于iptables(yum install -y iptables-services && systemctl disable iptables && systemctl stop iptables )

[root@k8s-m1 ~]# tee /etc/modules-load.d/k8s-ipvs.conf <<EOF> ip_vs> ip_vs_rr> ip_vs_wrr> ip_vs_sh> nf_conntrack> EOF_vsip_vs_rrip_vs_wrrip_vs_shnf_conntrack

手动加载模块

for m in ip_vs ip_vs_rr ip_vs_wrr ip_vs_sh nf_conntrack;do modprobe $m;done[root@k8s-m1 ~]# lsmod |grep ipip_vs_sh 16384 0ip_vs_wrr 16384 0ip_vs_rr 16384 0ip_vs 155648 6 ip_vs_rr,ip_vs_sh,ip_vs_wrrnf_conntrack 147456 1 ip_vs

# 解决加载iptables不对bridge的数据进行处理时出现的问题 sysctl: cannot stat /proc/sys/net/bridge/bridge-nf-call-iptables: No such file or directory

[root@k8s-m1 电脑 ~]# modprobe br_netfilter[root@k8s-m1 ~]# lsmod |grep 'br_netfilter'br_netfilter 28672 0

11、系统参数调优

tee /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf <<EOFnet.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 1net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6 = 1net.ipv6.conf.lo.disable_ipv6 = 1net.ipv4.neigh.default.gc_stale_time = 120net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 0net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 0net.ipv4.conf.default.arp_announce = 2net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_announce = 2net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_announce = 2net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 5000net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 1024net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2# 要求iptables不对bridge的数据进行处理net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables = 1net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_max = 2310720fs.inotify.max_user_watches=89100fs.may_detach_mounts = 电脑 1fs.file-max = 52706963fs.nr_open = 52706963vm.overcommit_memory=1# 开启OOMvm.panic_on_oom=0# 禁止使用 swap 空间，只有当系统 OOM 时才允许使用它vm.swappiness=0# ipvs优化net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 600net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_intvl = 30net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_probes = 10EOF

sysctl --system # 加载生效

调整系统进程打开的最大文件数

tee /etc/security/limits.d/k8s.conf <<EOF* soft nproc 102400* hard nproc 102400* soft nofile 102400* hard nofile 102400root soft nproc 102400root hard nproc 102400root soft nofile 102400root hard nofile 102400EOF

优化系统日志配置 减少磁盘IO

sed -ri 's/^\$ModLoad imjournal/#&/' /etc/rsyslog.confsed -ri 's/^\$IMJournalStateFile/#&/' /etc/rsyslog.confsed -ri 's/^#(DefaultLimitCORE)=/\1=100000/' /etc/systemd/system.confsed -ri 's/^#(DefaultLimitNOFILE)=/\1=100000/' /etc/systemd/system.conf

--系统初始化结束，漏的网友们补充---